Surface Roughness Defects and Preventive Measures of Spun Workpieces
Date: Sep,18 2025 View:
Surface Roughness Defects and Preventive Measures of Spun Workpieces Surface roughness defects of spinning workpieces are common problems in the spinning forming process, mainly manifested as orange peel, indentation, vibration marks, knife marks, scales, etc. These defects not only affect the appearance, but also may reduce the fatigue strength, sealing performance, and assembly accuracy of the parts. The following are the main causes of defects and corresponding preventive measures: Common Defects and Causes： ①Orange peel: The material grains are coarse or unevenly deformed, especially in multi pass spinning, the inner surface cannot fit the mold due to the large gap between the spinning roller and the mandrel, resulting in rough product surface. ②Indentation: There are foreign objects, wear, or poor lubrication on the surface of the spinning roller or mandrel, causing local indentation of the product. High frequency vibration marks: self-excited vibration caused by insufficient rigidity of machine tools, unstable clamping of rollers or workpieces, and unreasonable cutting parameters. ③ Knife marks/scales: Improper cutting speed, small tool rake angle, and excessive cutting thickness can cause chip crushing, accumulation, and the formation of scale like defects. ④Scratches/surface scoring: Surface scratches on the product caused by poor chip removal, unclean cutting fluid, or chip buildup and detachment. Preventive Measures： ①Optimize process parameters: control the deformation of the spinning pass (control the thinning rate to be less than 30%) to avoid excessive or uneven deformation; Reasonably set the gap between the roller and the mandrel (generally 0.1 mm smaller than the wall thickness). ②Equipment and chucks: Improve the rigidity of the spinning machine, regularly maintain the guide rails and bearings， ensure that the workpiece is firmly clamped and reduce vibration sources. ③Tool and lubrication: choose high finish, wear resistance roller. Keep the tool clean and use efficient lubricating coolant to avoid the formation of chip deposits. The spinning roller can be coated to avoid the material adhesion to the spinning roller. ④Material selection: Choose materials with small grain size and uniform structure. Annealing the blank to improve its plastic deformation ability. ⑤Environment and operation: Keep the processing environment clean to prevent foreign objects from entering the mold. Operators should regularly check the surface condition of the mold and replace worn parts in a timely manner. Surface roughness defects in spinning are often the result of multiple coupled factors, and we should be systematically investigated from the four dimensions of "equipment -process -material -operation". At the Metal Forming Exhibition, PROSPER presented a comprehensive manufacturing solution for metal parts based on resource conservation and efficient production.
